منابع مشابه
Prosodic Cues for Hesitation
In our efforts to model spontaneous speech for use in, for example, spoken dialogue systems, a series of experiments have been conducted in order to investigate correlates to perceived hesitation. Previous work has shown that it is the total duration increase that is the valid cue rather than the contribution by either of the two factors pause duration and final lengthening. In the present expe...
متن کاملThe Virtues of Hesitation‡
In many economic, political and social situations, circumstances change at random points in time, reacting is costly, and changes appropriate to present circumstances may be inappropriate after later changes, requiring further costly change. Waiting is informative if the hazard rate for the arrival of the next change is non-constant. In a broad range of contexts we show that hesitation or delay...
متن کاملOnline Shopping Hesitation
This study was designed to understand which factors influence consumer hesitation or delay in online product purchases. The study examined four groups of variables (i.e., consumer characteristics, contextual factors perceived uncertainty factors, and medium/channel innovation factors) that predict three types of online shopping hesitation (i.e., overall hesitation, shopping cart abandonment, an...
متن کاملHesitation disfluencies in spontaneous speech:
Human speech is peppered with ums and uhs, among other signs of hesitation in the planning process. But are these so-called fillers (or filled pauses) intentionally uttered by speakers, or are they side-effects of difficulties in the planning process? And how do listeners respond to them? In the present paper we review evidence concerning the production and comprehension of fillers such as um a...
متن کاملHesitation and uncertainty as feedback
This paper deals with the signals that are used to express hesitation and uncertainty in conversational interactions. It studies the relation between gesturing, body posture, facial expressions, and speech, and draws conclusions of their role and function in the interpretation and coordination of interaction with respect to the basic enablements of communication. Dialogues are assumed to be coo...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Science
سال: 2002
ISSN: 0036-8075,1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.296.5576.2105c